Рак на женската полова система

Cancer of the female reproductive system

Cancer of the uterus, ovarian cancer and cervical cancer are the second most common cancers in women after breast cancer and account for about 20% of all cancers in women. These cancers are the leading cause of cancer death in women worldwide. They most often affect women over the age of 55. The average 5-year recurrence-free survival is 15 to 45 %.

The main cause of the development of cancer of the female genital organs is infection with a high-risk type of human papillomavirus (HPV), which is transmitted sexually. HPV 16, 18 and 45 have been shown to be responsible for about 90% of genital cancers in women. This thesis is quite modern and fully coincides with our as yet unpublished theory of the origin of cancer in man. We believe that viruses and bacteria cause cancer, as a consequence of the inflammatory processes developing in these organs over many years. During this time, the cells of the organs in the body change, losing some qualities and acquiring new ones, characteristic of younger and more aggressive tissues. These changes are slow and imperceptible, but multiplied by the number of years in which they develop, they become more and more different from normal tissues, which the body recognizes as its own and does not react to them. This is how, after inflammation for many years, the cells escape the control of the macroorganism, begin to multiply uncontrollably, and this is how cancer cells appear. Today, 9 virus groups with proven oncogenic potential are known. Of the RNA viruses, these are retroviruses (subgroup of oncornaviruses) and flaviviruses (hepatitis C virus). The remaining 7 groups are DNA viruses: herpesviruses, hepadnaviruses, polyomaviruses, papillomaviruses, adenoviruses, poxviruses and carcinoviruses. A viral etiology has been proven for 40% of all tumors.

Cervical cancer

Cervical cancer is considered a cancer of the young population, as it is the second most common cancer among women between the ages of 15 and 44.

Worldwide, cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women. In 2018, 569,847 new cases were registered worldwide, representing 6.6% of all cancers in women.

US epidemiological data (US SEER 2007-2011) show that about 2/3 of all cases (63%) of cervical cancer are diagnosed in women aged 54 years or younger. The average age at diagnosis was 49 years.

Ovarian cancer

In the world in 2018, 295,414 new cases of ovarian cancer were registered. The standardized incidence was 11.9 per 100,000 and the standardized mortality was 6 per 100,000.

The overall five-year survival rate for ovarian cancer in the US is 46.5%, in England 46.2%, and in Bulgaria 40.6%. The overall five-year survival rate for ovarian cancer in the US is 46.5%, in England 46.2%, and in Bulgaria 40.6%. 33.2% of patients were diagnosed in the initial (first and second stage) of the disease.

In 54.6% it is in the third and fourth stage, and in the remaining 12.1% the stage is unspecified. 40.6% is the five-year relative survival from ovarian cancer in Bulgaria. Ovarian cancer incidence increases with age after age 35 and peaks in 70-74 year olds (45.6 per 100,000 women).